Japan is a country rich in tradition, respect, and unique social customs. Understanding Japanese etiquette is essential for any visitor who wants to experience the culture fully and avoid unintentional offense. Here are key cultural etiquettes to keep in mind before your trip.
1. Greetings and Bowing
Bowing is the traditional form of greeting in Japan and a sign of respect. The depth and duration of the bow vary by situation:
- A slight nod or small bow is casual and friendly.
- A 30-degree bow is used for formal greetings.
- A deep bow (45 degrees or more) expresses deep respect or apology.
Handshakes are uncommon, especially with elders, so bowing is preferred when meeting someone new.
2. Removing Shoes Indoors
It is customary to remove shoes before entering homes, temples, traditional inns (ryokan), and some restaurants. You will often find slippers provided for indoor use, and separate slippers for the bathroom. This practice helps keep indoor spaces clean and shows respect.
3. Dining Etiquette
Japanese dining has several important customs:
- Say “Itadakimasu” before eating to express gratitude.
- Use chopsticks properly: do not stick them upright in rice or pass food from chopstick to chopstick, as these resemble funeral rituals.
- Slurping noodles is acceptable and considered a compliment to the chef.
- Say “Gochisousama deshita” after finishing your meal to thank the cook.
- Use the warm towel (oshibori) only to wipe your hands, never your face.
- Avoid pouring soy sauce directly on food; instead, dip pieces into a small dish of soy sauce.
- Tipping is not customary and can be considered rude.
4. Public Behavior
Japanese society values quietness and respect in public:
- Avoid loud conversations, especially on public transport.
- Do not eat while walking in public areas.
- Stand on the left side of escalators in most cities (except Osaka, where people stand on the right).
- Always wait patiently in line and never cut queues.
- Personal space is highly respected; avoid unnecessary touching or physical contact.
5. Gift-Giving Culture
Gift-giving is an important social custom:
- Present gifts with both hands.
- Avoid giving gifts in sets of four, as the number four sounds like the word for death.
- When receiving a gift, do not open it immediately unless invited to do so.
6. Respecting Temples and Shrines
When visiting religious sites:
- Bow before entering.
- Purify your hands and mouth at the water basin using ladles.
- Do not take photos in restricted areas.
- Walk on the sides of pathways, as the center is reserved for deities.
7. Onsen (Hot Spring) Etiquette
If visiting an onsen or public bath:
- Wash your body thoroughly before entering the communal bath.
- Do not bring towels into the bathwater.
- Keep quiet and avoid splashing.
- Be aware that many onsens do not allow visitors with tattoos due to traditional associations.
8. Politeness in Conversation
- Use polite phrases such as “sumimasen” (excuse me) when asking for help.
- Avoid saying “no” directly; use indirect expressions like “chotto…” to decline politely.
By respecting these cultural etiquettes, visitors can enjoy a richer, more respectful experience in Japan and build positive interactions with locals. Embracing these customs shows appreciation for Japan’s unique traditions and helps avoid misunderstandings during your travels.